Some people incorrectly use physical fitness and physical activity Survival, is dependent upon the functional capacity needed to maintain homeostasis.Ģ.4 Physical fitness vs. These remarkable findings canīe extrapolated to other stresses where the probability of complications, and even METs group had 29%, and the 7–10 METs group had 8%. The group < 4 METs had cardiologic complications in 64% of cases, the 4–7 Study, patients were grouped by MET capacity in relationship to complication prevalenceĪfter they underwent angiographically verified coronary artery disease and subsequent openĪbdominal nonvascular surgery. Patients under 4-metabolic equivalents (METs), a typical demand during normal dailyĪctivities, increases postoperative (time from admission to discharge from surgery)Ĭardiac and long-term risks ( 155). Of other organ systems, nutritional status, medications, orthopedic limitations, and Instance, VO 2max also depends on pulmonary and muscle function, health status Maximal aerobic capacity (VO 2max), which while directly testing cardiovascularįitness and integrity also represents a combination of other physiologic components. A major predictor of functional capacity is Importantly, a direct relationship between functional capacity and survival is aĬornerstone of general medicine theory. Increase functional capacity (considered in specific detail in the aging section). Functional capacity is pliable declining rapidly withĮxtreme physical inactivity or more slowly with aging, while preventing inactivity can If an external stress disrupts homeostasis beyond an organism'sįunctional capacity, life may not be sustained. System, or body to maintain homeostasis within their narrow limits of survival in response We define “functional capacity” as the ability of a cell, organ, That chronic disease need not be an inevitable outcome during life. In addition, physical activity primarily prevents, or delays, chronic diseases, implying Taken together, conclusiveĮvidence exists that physical inactivity is one important cause of most chronic diseases. Substantial decreases in both total and quality years of life. Rapidly maladapts to insufficient physical activity, and if continued, results in The article ends withĬonsideration of deterioration of risk factors in longer-term sedentary groups clinicalĬonsequences of inactive childhood/adolescence and public policy. Gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, polycystic ovary syndrome, erectile dysfunction, pain,ĭiverticulitis, constipation, and gallbladder diseases].
Peripheral artery disease, hypertension, stroke, congestive heart failure, endothelialĭysfunction, arterial dyslipidemia, hemostasis, deep vein thrombosis, cognitiveĭysfunction, depression and anxiety, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, balance, boneįracture/falls, rheumatoid arthritis, colon cancer, breast cancer, endometrial cancer, Prediabetes, type 2 diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, coronary heart disease, (VO 2max), sarcopenia, metabolic syndrome, obesity, insulin resistance, [Accelerated biological aging/premature death, low cardiorespiratory fitness Next, physicalĪctivity/exercise is examined as primary prevention against 35 chronic conditions and specificity of adaptations to type of training.
Physical activity and inactivity mechanisms differ gene-environment interaction
The initial third of the article considers:Īctivity and prevention definitions historical evidence showing physical inactivity isĭetrimental to health and normal organ functional capacities cause vs. Chronic diseases are major killers in the modern era.
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